In this case the elf file is 66228 bytes of which we now know 10 are all we need in the mcu to run, the rest is debug information, file structure, etc. Elf is a very popular file format used in a number of places as it is quite flexible and not tied in any way to an operating system nor target. The file format was shown as elf32-littlearm. So we see there are 10 bytes of machine code. thumbĪnd build it with the gnu tools (for demonstration purposes will make sense in a second) arm-none-eabi-as so.s -o so.oĪrm-none-eabi-ld -Ttext=0x08000000 so.o -o so.elf If I take a simple program for your microcontroller. If using the gnu tools you can see from arm-whatever-objcopy -help the list the supported file formats at the end, on mineĪrm-none-eabi-objcopy: supported targets: elf32-littlearm elf32-littlearm-fdpic elf32-bigarm elf32-bigarm-fdpic elf32-little elf32-big plugin srec symbolsrec verilog tekhex binary ihex And depending on the operating system multiple different binary formats are supported.
When you compile a printf("Hello World!\n") program on your computer that is a binary but the binary contains much more information than just the instructions and data for the program. There are MANY different file formats that all accurately represent the term "binary".
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